dadamowiki A wikipedia of Dr. D'Adamo's research

Glycosidases

Glycomics

See Also

• Glycans

Definition

An enzyme that hydrolyzes glycosidic bonds between monosaccharide components of a polysaccharide.

Glycosidase inhibitors

About 40 years have passed since the classical glycosidase inhibitor, nojirimycin was discovered from the cultured broth of the Streptomyces species. Since then, over one hundred glycosidase inhibitors have been isolated from plants and micro-organisms. Modifying or blocking biological processes by specific glycosidase inhibitors has revealed the vital functions of glycosidases in living systems. Since enzyme-catalyzed carbohydrate hydrolysis is a biologically widespread process, glycosidase inhibitors have many potential applications as agrochemicals and therapeutic agents. Glycosidases are involved in the biosynthesis of the oligosaccharide chains and quality control mechanisms in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of the N-linked glycoproteins. Inhibition of these glycosidases can have profound effects on quality control, maturation, transport, and secretion of glycoproteins and can alter cell-cell or cell-virus recognition processes. This principle is the basis for the potential use of glycosidase inhibitors for viral infection, cancer, and genetic disorders.({{http://glycob.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/cwg090v1}})

Glycosylation inhibitors arise naturally in plants, fungi, and bacteria, probably as part of a chemical defense strategy against other competing organisms in the same econiche. Other compounds have been synthesized based on the known substrate preferences for a particular enzyme or its X-ray crystal structure. In either case, inhibitors act as leads for producing additional analogs, often with increased activity or altered specificity. Plant alkaloids block glycosylation by inhibiting the processing glycosidases involved in N-glycan formation.

Source

AbstractsStudy on the inhibition of alpha-glucosidase by soyasaponins

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