Hmm, is this why my type O daughter was jaundiced and my type A daughter was not?

Quoted from grey rabbit

Hmm, is this why my type O daughter was jaundiced and my type A daughter was not?

Not necessarily, in ABO HDN the mother is always blood group O and her infant is always either blood group A or blood group B. In ABO HDN the mother has made IgG antibodies against the A or B antigens on the baby's red blood cells.

Neonatal jaundice can also be caused by the Rhesus antigen which is often much more severe than HDN caused by the ABO system.

Almost any antibody that can be IgG if it illicits a strong enough immune response in the mother can cause HDN. Some examples are anti Kell, anti S, and anti c and anti E both are part of  the Rh system.

The reason why all pregnant women regardless of ABO or Rh should be screened for irregular antibodies is to rule out neonatal jaundice caused by blood group incompatibility. All newborns should have the cord blood panel done before leaving the hospital, but unfortunately this is often not done unless the mom is Rh- or group O. It is ofen not done as part of a cost cutting measure by insurance companies.

I have worked in a very large university hospital blood bank and believe me blood group incompatibility is not as uncommon as they have you to believe. I have seen a very strong direct coombs test in a 2 day old infant in which both mom and baby were both ABO and Rh compatible, yet the offending antibody was part of a different system the S antibody which is part of the MNSs system.

The baby was jaundiced and anemic and required an exchange transfusion in order to raise the hemoglobin level and decrease the serum bilirubin level.

Neonatal jaundice can also be caused by immaturity of the liver.

So, an O and an A have an O child.  That means one parent is Oo and the other is Ao?  Can the A parent be an Ab and produce the O child with the other parent being an Oo?  

that Ab parent you mention can only be an AB.

there is no Ab, but there are Ao.

an A and a B can produce an AB or an Ao or a Bo or an O
if both have a recessive o to give.


hope I didn t confuse you further! lol

To go along with what lola said above.

If one parent is AB and the other parent is an O, the children would either be blood type A or B.

The only phenotypes possible are Ao or Bo.

Quoted from C_sharp

To go along with what lola said above.

If one parent is AB and the other parent is an O, the children would either be blood type A or B.

The only phenotypes possible are Ao or Bo.

And that is because both A and B are dominant they share equally, one won't give in to the other and they are both dominant over O, that is why to be an O you must be an Oo. Each parent only has one of these letters to give, they cannot give both, they each must give one, so an AB parent and an Oo parent cannot ever produce an Oo child.

Quoted from C_sharp

To go along with what lola said above.

If one parent is AB and the other parent is an O, the children would either be blood type A or B.

The only phenotypes possible are Ao or Bo.

It couldn't be an AB?

ABNoway,

If you draw a punnett square, which is like a multiplication table, then you will see why the pairing of AB and O cannot produce AB children.

Each parent offers ONE gene to their child.  The AB parent can't offer both genes while disallowing the O parent to offer any genes...


          O          O       <- Type O parent

A      AO        AO
                                     Equal chance of Type A or Type B for each child

B      BO        BO


^
|

A
B

P
a
r
e
n
t


While using the Punnett square, it becomes easy to understand.  If you have any questions about the video (I'm still reworking it), let me know.

If you have any questions about Punnett squares - let me know.  You can master this!

Type O can only be O and O
Type AB can only be A and B

Type A can be either A and A or A and O
Type B can be either B and B or B and O

This is in the video

When I described one parent as "Ab", I was assuming because he (that parent is the father) had an A father and a B mother and is an A for sure, that he would have a small b from the B parent, but that is not necessarily true?  Being from an A parent and a B parent and being an A for sure, he could be an Ao?  How does he get the o?  From way back?  A grand parent?  

The B trait is not recessive.

If a person has an A allele and a B allele.
Their blood type type is AB, they are not an A blood type with a hidden (or recessive) b trait.

There will not be a small b.

O is recessive so a person with an A blood type can have two A alleles (AA) or one A allele and one o allele (Ao).

Since O is recessive, a person with the B blood type can either have two B alleles(BB) or one B allele and one o allele (Bo).

An A parent with a B parent produce O children like this:


     A     o  

B    AB    Bo

o    Ao    oo

25% chance of Ao and Bo parent having an AB child
25% chance of Ao and Bo parent having a   B child
25% chance of Ao and Bo parent having an  A child
25% chance of Ao and Bo parent having an  O child

Quoted from maukik

When I described one parent as "Ab", I was assuming because he (that parent is the father) had an A father and a B mother and is an A for sure, that he would have a small b from the B parent, but that is not necessarily true?  Being from an A parent and a B parent and being an A for sure, he could be an Ao?  How does he get the o?  From way back?  A grand parent?  

He can only be an Ao - there is not other option.  Grand parent bloodtype doesn't enter into it at all.  

or an Aa.....

Lola, I am showing my ignorance here I guess but please explain - I'm confused   Aa - what's one of them?  Being as A isn't recessive?  

As and Bs are dominant to Os.

yes could only be an Aa or a Bo....
if Ab as you mentioned, C already pointed it out, can only be an AB.
Since he s an A, can only be Ao or an Aa.

An O gene can "hide" behind an A or B gene.

A and B genes cannot hide at all.

Someone who has O and O genes must be Type O.

Someone who has A and B genes must be Type AB.

Someone who has B and O genes must be Type B.

Someone who has B and B genes must be Type B.

Someone who has A and O genes must be Type A.

Someone who has A and A genes must be Type A.

I'm trying to figure out why this is so hard to understand. Vicki's video is good, I'd recommend watching it.
Have you ever played the simple card game "war", or rock paper scissors? Let's pretend the cards are As, Bs and Os.
I play an A, you play an O, A wins=Ao,
I play an A, you play an A, tie = Aa
You play a B, I play an O, B wins= Bo
I play a B, you play a B, tie = Bb
I play a B, you play an A we tie =AB
I play an O, you play an O we tie =Oo

The baby gets one and only one "card" from each parent(player)the two "cards" together determine what type baby will be.

Great analogy

I'm almost done with a greatly improved video!

Quoted from grey rabbit

I'm trying to figure out why this is so hard to understand. Vicki's video is good, I'd recommend watching it.
Have you ever played the simple card game "war", or rock paper scissors? Let's pretend the cards are As, Bs and Os.
I play an A, you play an O, A wins=Ao,
I play an A, you play an A, tie = Aa
You play a B, I play an O, B wins= Bo
I play a B, you play a B, tie = Bb
I play a B, you play an A we tie =AB
I play an O, you play an O we tie =Oo

The baby gets one and only one "card" from each parent(player)the two "cards" together determine what type baby will be.

I didn't watch the video.  And I'm unedumacated.

Captain Janeway, I don't know if you remember the polls I took a long time ago on pregnancy sickness, but I had wondered if bloodtype incompatibility was a cause of "morning" sickness, but I couldn't determine anything from all the data shown.  

Quoted from Amazone I.

don't underestimate grandma's revenge ...if she was an AB....

Hahahahahahahaha...OMG, I just laughed so hard when I read that !!!  Whoohoo.... Don't mess with us, we get mean!!

ABNoWay,

You were just holding out for the new improved video.

Here's the link:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nsHZbgOmVwg

I know everyone has their own timing requirements...use pause, during playback, as needed!  Also consider using full screen mode.  

great job Vicki!

Quoted from JJR

I didn't watch the video.  And I'm unedumacated.

watch the video!
To take the card analogy a little further---have you played "war" were you divide the deck in two and each player draws one card to challenge the other player?-- you don't get to look at your cards before you play them and you play one at a time. With this game each player is only dealt two cards.
I'm an Ao, so I only have two cards in my pile an A and an o. Baby's father also only has two cards in his pile, an O and an o. We each pull cards from the top of the deck, his is always going to be an O, mine might be an o or it might be an A.If mine is an A and his is an O the baby will be an A-A trumps O every time, BUT if my card is an o and his is also an O then the baby is an Oo.
If I were an AB, then I'm holding nothing but trump. If I play an A and he plays an O then A wins, baby is Ao. If I play a B and he plays an O then baby is a Bo. I can't play both my cards at once, I can only play one so baby cannot be an AB if dad is an O.
Maybe you could even play this game with someone (I'm a visual learner myself). Make up a deck of cards, four As, four Bs, four Os, deal them out face down and play "war", As and Bs are trump and are equal to each other, Os are never trump and don't "win" unless you both play one.

Quoted Text

Captain Janeway, I don't know if you remember the polls I took a long time ago on pregnancy sickness, but I had wondered if bloodtype incompatibility was a cause of "morning" sickness, but I couldn't determine anything from all the data shown.  

I don't know either. My mom is an O and she was sick nearly the full nine months with us all. I was her only incompatible offspring other than being a non-secretor.